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Prezentace EU Institutions_Krebs Zbyněk

Y04A2L - Anglický jazyk 2-2

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EU Institutions
By Zbynek Krebs

EU Commission

The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_%28government%29" \o "Executive (government)" executive body of the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" \o "European Union" European Union. Together with the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament" \o "European Parliament" European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, it is one of the three main institutions governing the Union.
Its primary roles are to propose and implement legislation, and to act as 'guardian of the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EU_treaties" \o "EU treaties" treaties' which provides the legal basis for the EU. The role of the European Commission has many parallels with the executive body of a national government, but also differences.
The Commission consists of 27 Commissioners, one from each member state of the EU supported by an administrative body of about 23,000 European civil servants divided into departments called Directorate-General. The term "the Commission" is generally used to refer both to the administrative body in its entirety, and to the team of Commissioners who lead it.
Unlike the Council of the European Union, the Commission is intended to be a body independent of member states. Commissioners are not permitted to take instructions from the government of the country that appointed them, but are supposed to represent the interests of the citizens of the EU as a whole.
The Commission is headed by a President (currently José Manuel Durăo Barroso). Its headquarters are located in HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brussels" \o "Brussels" Brussels, in a building known as the Berlaymont, and its working languages are English, HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language" \o "French language" French and German.

The Commission originated in the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community, which was established in 1951 under the terms of the Treaty Establishing the European Coal and Steel Community. In 1958 two further bodies were established under the terms of the Treaties of Rome. These were the Commission of the European Economic Community and the Commission of the European Atomic Energy Community. Finally, in 1967, these three bodies merged to form the Commission of the European Communities, established under the terms of the Merger Treaty. This is the body that continues to exist to this day though the Hallstein Commission (of the Economic Community) and is considered as the "direct ancestor" of the current commission.

The Commission

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