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Prezentace Cogeneration_Balata Jan

Y04A2Z - Anglický jazyk 2-1

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. Currently available drive systems for cogeneration units include:
Steam turbines
Reciprocating engines
Gas turbines
Combined cycle

Generators
Generators convert the mechanical energy in the rotating engine shaft into electricity. They can be either synchronous or asynchronous.
A synchronous generator can operate in isolation from other generating plant and the grid. This type of generator can continue to supply power during grid failure and so can act as a standby generator.
An asynchronous generator can only operate in parallel with other generators, usually the grid. The unit will cease to operate if it is disconnected from the mains or if the mains fail, so they cannot be operated as standby units. However, connection and interface to the grid is simple.
Synchronous generators with outputs below 200 kWe are usually more expensive than asynchronous units. This is because of the additional control, starting and interfacing equipment that is required. In general, above 200 kWe output the cost advantages of asynchronous over synchronous types disappear. There is a trend however, to use synchronous generators even on cogeneration units with low power output.

Fuels
Theoretically, almost any fuel is suitable for cogeneration. In practice, fossil fuels, especially natural gas (for economical as well as for environmental reasons) predominate, but municipal solid waste, certain industrial gases and biomass are also important. Installations may be designed to accept more than one fuel.
Key factors in the choice of fuel are possible incentives offered for their utilisation and the quality of the fuel. Some countries offer incentives for the utilisation of better quality fuels, such as natural gas, biomass or biogas. Low-quality fuels are sometimes cheap but they incur significant extra costs for handling and burning and to meet environmental regulations. Good quality fuels are more expensive but

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Vloženo: 26.04.2009

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