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history of czech republic 9st.-2004

AJ - Anglický jazyk

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HISTORY OF OUR COUNTRY9th centuryThe so-called Great Moravian Empire (833–906 / 907) was established, the center was in the south Moravia.863At the request of Prince Rastislav, two brothers from Thessaloniki (Greece) came to Moravia -Constantine (Cyril) and Methodius. They spread the Christian faith, created the oldest Slavic script, the so-called Glagolitic; into Old Slavonic, the first literary language of the Slavs, translated basic religious texts - Old Slavonic became a liturgical and literary language.9./10. table.The establishment of the first Czech state.9th century – 1306The Přemyslids - the first important dynasty on the Czech throne, founding cities, coin reform (Přemysl Otakar II., Václav II.).However, the Czech Kingdom was not established until 1198, when the German king recognized it as hereditary Czech royal title, which was then confirmed by the emperor, the pope and in 1212 by the Golden Bull of Sicily Přemysl Otakar I., as well as other privileges of the Czech Kingdom. The Czech monarch was to be released from all obligations to the Holy Roman Empire in the future except for participation in the Reichstags. Wenceslas I, but especially his son Přemysl Otakar II. then he built a large estate, which reached beyond the Alps and the Adriatic Sea. Wenceslas II turned his attention to the north and east, where he managed to gain territory across Poland to the Baltic Sea, and his son Wenceslas III. and Hungarian territory.1310–1437Luxembourg - economic, political and cultural development of Czech society culminated during the reign of Charles IV. (1346–1378), when Prague became the center of the Holy roman empire. After the assassination of Wenceslas III. the kingdom found itself in chaos, but the election of John of Luxembourg as king allowed for a new rise, which culminated especially during the reign of John's son Charles IV. (1316–1378). He established the so-called lands of the Czech Crown in 1348 and under the Czech Crown annexed Brandenburg (until 1415), Lusatia (until 1635) and Silesia (until 1742)6. 7. 1415The scholar and church reformer Master Jan Hus was burned at the stake for his teachings border. He was burned for his criticism of the church, especially for indulgences.1419–1436Hussites, Hussite Wars - Reform current in the Catholic Church, the pursuit of extensive reforms (Jan Žižka). The radical wing of the Hussite movement was defeated in 1434 at the Battle of Lipany.1458–1471George of Podebrady ("Hussite King") - tried to create a medieval one "Community of nations", Europe was to unite in the fight against

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