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Stáhnout celý tento materiálAustralia
Australia is the only country which is also a continent. Australia is often called an island continent. Oz is the smallest continent of the world. It is situated between the Pacific and the Indian Ocean. Its official name is the Commonwealth of Australia. It is an independent member of the British Commonwealth of Nations. Its capital is Canberra. It is a federal state with a Governor General at its head. The Governor is the deputy of the British Queen. National currency is Australian dollars that means 100 cents.
Geography:
Western Australia takes up one-third of Australia and contains the city of Perth. South Australia with city of Adelaide. Queensland lies in the tropical north-eastern corner. New South Wales lying in the south east corner, is the most populous state. Victoria is in the south west corner. Tasmania is an island state, the smallest state.
Northern Territory lies in the north and centre of Australia. It is the least populated and lest developed of all the states and territories. Australian Capital Territory is the capital city of Canberra.
Most of Australia is low and flat. Australia can, however, be divided into three major land regions. They are, from west to east, the Western Plateau, the Central Lowlands and the Eastern Highlands.
Australian’s highest mountains are the Australian Alps in the extreme southern part of the Eastern Highland and in the States of Victoria and New South Wales. Mount Kosciusko, in the Snowy Mountains range, is 2,228 metres high. It and the surrounding mountains are popular destination for snow skiers.
Many of Australia’s rivers are dry at least part of the year and fill with water only during the rainy season. The Murray River is Australia’s longest permanently flowing river. It begins in the Snowy Mountains and empties 2,589 kilometres to the west near the city of Adelaide. Another significant river is the Darling River but it is dry for most of the winter. Australia’s only large permanent lakes have been artificially created. They include Lake Argyle in Western Australia and Lake Gordon in Tasmania. Both are used as reservoirs for conservation projects. Most of Australia’s natural lakes are dry for months or years at a time like lakes Lake Eyre, Lake Torrens and Lake Gairdner.
The Great Barrier Reef, a collection of a chain of more than 2,500 reefs, is the world’s largest coral reef and one of Australia’s most popular tourist attractions. It extends for just over 23,000 kilometres along Australia’s north-east and is composed of about 400 species of corals of many shapes and colours. Ayers Rock, located in central Australia, is also a popular tourist attraction. Located near the center of Australia, it is called the world’s biggest rock. It is about 2,4 kilometres long and 300 metres high and has many small caves. The walls of these caves are covered with rock painting made long ago by Aboriginal artists.
Some parts of Australia are completely dry. In central Australia there are three deserts - the Great Sandy Desert, the Gibson Desert and the Great Victoria Desert.
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Vloženo: 5.11.2010
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