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Studijní materiály
Graphic technics
Zjednodušená ukázka:
Stáhnout celý tento materiálGRAPHIC TECHNICS
(intaglio, relief, surface, ...)
A generic often used to cover all the methods of multiplying prints. The three main types of
engraving may be classified as: relief
intaglio
surface or planary.
RELIEF
The main techniques are woodcut and wood-engraving, linocut and its simpler forms such as
potato cuts.
The basic idea of woodcut is thus tu leave the black lines untouched, cutting away only those
parts intended to print as white. It is done with special knives and gauges. Woodcuts are done on
block of soft wood and will give hundereds or even thousands of prints before wearing out. Lino
or plastic is easier to work, but its life is shorter. Colour prints are produced by cutting a special
block for each colour and these blocks have to be printing “in register” so that the blocks do not
overlap.
The wood-engraving is very similar to engraving on cooper, using the same type of tool,
called a graver of burin, but differs in the printing process. The main difference between
woodcut and wood-engraving is that wood-engraving is cut across the grain while woodcut is cut
along the grain. We use sharp tools which produce very fine furrows, each of which prints as a
fine white line. Clearly it is easier to think in terms of fine lines on a black ground.
INTAGLIO
The intaglio techniques are all forms of engraving on metal, normally cooper, but also zinc,
pewter, or steel and they are distinguished from the other techniques by the method of printing.
When the plate has been engraved, it is covered with printing ink, which is then rubbed off,
leaving the ink in the furrows. A sheet of paper is then dampened, laid on the plate and both are
passed through a heavy press. The damp paper is forced into the engraved lines and picks up the
ink which has been left in them. The main intaglio processes are: cooper (line) engraving, dry
point, etching, including soft ground etching, stipple and crayon engraving, mezzotint, a
Vloženo: 12.03.2011
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