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washington-dc-new-york-and-other-american-cities
AJ - Anglický jazyk
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Washington,New York and other American cities
Washington
Washington is the national capital of the USA. It is named after 1st president G. Washington and it is residence of the president. Washington is situated in the Potomac River about 90 miles inland from the Atlantic Ocean. It is home to federal government. Washington is located in a special district called the District of Columbia – it is not a state because it is the seat of the federal government.
This territory is named after Christopher Columbus.
It is administered by a committee of the Senate.
It covers an area of 1800 km2.
It has a population of 650 000 people- 70% are African American, 30% are white.
History:
The District of Columbia was established by the Act of Congress in 1790.
The sit for the capital was chosen by President Washington himself.
The City was first used as the seat of Congress in 1800 and 1st president to be inaugurated there was T. Jefferson.
The City’s area was taken from 2 states- Maryland and Virginia. The capital was designed by a French architect P. L’Enfant. Its conception is purely French; it has nothing characteristically (skyscrapers).
In 1910 The Height Building Act stated that no structures could be higher than a building with 15 stories and it caused that W. remained a horizontal and spacious city. In order to solve the transport problem a SUBWAY system began operation in 1976 with 5 lines.
Town plan:
Streets and avenues were laid on a grid scheme: streets running from South to North were indicated by numbers; those running from East to West were named A, B, C...
The major avenues are named after some of 50 states.
The city was divided into 4 quadrants: NW, NE, SE, SW with the Capitol as the centre.
Industry
The Potomac River is shallow to allow cargo-carrying vessels to enter the City so Washington never developed into a port.
Washington’s principal industry has always been government and tourists and the care of them.
It is a legislative, judicial and administrative centre. About 360 000 people living there are employed by the Federal Government.
In order to be close to the Federal Centre many national and international organizations have their head offices here: the World Bank, The International Monetary Fund, The Organization of American States, embassies and consulates.
It is also the centre of press: The Washington Post, The US Today, National Geographic.....
Places of interest:
The most prominent landmark of the City is The Capitol- it stands on Capitol Hill. The Capitol has been the seat of Congress with the Senate in the north wing and the House of Representatives in the south wing since 1800- it was the 1st joint session of Congress; before the building were constructed Congress met in Philadelphia.
The White House is the residence of the American President. The 1st to occupy this building was the 2nd president John Adams in 1800. The House contains the furnishings collected throughout its history. The official rooms are on the 1st floor; 2nd and 3rd floors are reserved for the Presidential family.
Near the Capitol there are the buildings of Government offices. Library of Congress is an Italian-style renaissance building. It contains more then 13 million books (including Guttenberg Bible), 19 million manuscripts, impressive Reading Room, Music Auditorium.
The Mall is a long park like area that starts at the Capitol and extends 2 miles to the West ending at Washington Monument- it is most famous landmark
-it is dedicated to the memory of 1st American President
-it is the white marble obelisk- the highest structure in Washington
Jefferson Memorial commemorates 3rd US president (author of the Declaration of Independence). It is the 20th century adaptation of an ancient Roman Pantheon (a circular structu
Vloženo: 8.07.2011
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