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Studijní materiály
Zjednodušená ukázka:
Stáhnout celý tento materiálHISTORY OF USA
(Discuss the history of one of the English speaking countries)
The history of United States of America is referred to as the period of more than 500 years
that have passed since Christopher Columbus reached the coast of the Bahama Islands. But we
know that Christopher Columbus wasn´t the first discoverer of this land, that approximatly 500
years before him the Vikings´s ship was blown off course in a storm and reached a shore
of Nowfoundland, a part of Canada.
But neither Columbus and nor Vikings werent there as first, but Native Americans, whom
Columbus named Indians was there about 35 000 years ago.
But back to Christopher Columbus.
Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa, in Italy, in 1451. He belived that a route to
the Indies Gross the Atlantic would be shorter and safer than a route around the tip of Africa,
but he did not have the money tobuy ships and hire sailors.
As first he asked the king of Portugal to pay for his voyage. But he denied Columbus his help.
Next Columbus ask Spanish Queen Isabella an she gave Columbus three caravels and
in 1492 Columbus discoverednew land and named the land he had reached San Salvador.
He thought he had landed in Asia, but in fact he was on a small island in the Bahamas, a group of
islands close to the continents of North and South America.
The Colonies
European people came to the New World for many reasons. Some hoped to find new trade
routes to Asia, later many came in hope of finding gold and silver, priests and missionaries came
to bring the Christian religion to the Indians, somebody came in search of freedom and a new
way of life.
The first English colony was founded in Virginia in 1607.
In November 1620, the small ship Mayflower brougt a group of English Puritans - Pilgrims,
to Massachusetts. They seeking religious freedom. He had left England to avoid persecution after
their conflict with King James I and his Church. The Pilgrims worked hard all through the spring
and summer of 1621. But half of them died during the first winter. Indians helped them very
much. Those who survived, celebrated thein first harvest - thanksgiving day. The first
thanksgiving lasted three days. Today, more than 380 years later, Americans still celebrate
Thanksgiving. It is their national holiday in November.
Another religious group, known as the Quakers, founded a colony called Pennsylvania.
Next important act in American history was Boston Massacre. It was event (událost),
in which culminate causes between British an French colonists with regart to taxes. (Among
colonial leaders were George Washington, who would later become the first president of the US,
and John Adams, who would later become the second president of US, and Thomas Jefferson the
future third president of the US.)
When, in 1773, Parliament passed a new law lowering the tax on tea, some North Americans,
dressed as Indians, emptied chests of British tea into the waters of Boston Harbor. The incident
was called “the Boston Tea Party”. The Boston Tea party proved to be one of the events that
started the Revolution in 1775. Between GB an Continental Army broke fights. Many people
did not want war. In 1776, the Continental Congress approved the Declaration of
Independence. The Declaration meant that all people have rights that cannot be taken from them
by any government. All people should therefore be treated as equals before the law. That is,
the laws should be the same for all American people. This is too very importatn moment in
American history and Americans are very proud for their Independence.
Unomitted moment in history of USA is Gold Rush too. This story starts in 1848 with one
man who want to build a sawmil and found a gold. In next year, people swarmed into California
by the thousand. Only a few found the riches they dreamt of. Most of them settled on farms or in
towns in California and nearby states.
The 19th century was a turning point in the flow of migration - more tha
Vloženo: 12.03.2011
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