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Stáhnout celý tento materiálGREAT BRITAIN
GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland lies in the Atlantic Ocean northwest of France. It is separated from the mainland by the North Sea and English Channel. The greatest part of the British Isles forms Britain, which consists of England (with its capital London), Scotland (capital is Edinburgh) and Wales (capital is Cardiff). Its area is half size of France. Ireland is the second largest island. Its capital is Belfast. The smaller islands include the Isle of Wight, the Isles of Scilly, the Isle of Man, Anglesey, the Hebrides, the Orkneys, the Shetlands and the Channel Islands.
Britain is divided into counties; Scotland is divided into regions and districts.
British rivers are not very long, but deep. The most important ones are the River Thames and the Trent in England, Clyde in Scotland and Severn in Wales.
Lakes are to be found in the Lake District in north-east England – Lake Windermere and in the Highlands of Scotland – Loch Lomond and Loch Ness. Loch Ness is well-known for the monster. The largest lake in the British Isles is Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland.
The highland zone consists of the several groups of mountains:
The Highland’s of Scotland with the highest peak Ben Nevis. These mountains are the highest mountains in the British Isles. Scotland is called “Mountain Land.”
Cambrian Mountains in Wales with the highest mountain Snowdon. On every mountain in Wales there is a ruin or the castle => “the land of castles.”
The Pennines are called “the Backbone of England” because they are in the central part of the country. The highest point of England is Scafell Pike in Cumbrian Mountains also known as the Lake District.
The lowland zone is generally flat or rolling with limestone or chalk hills. The most famous are the White Cliffs of Dover.
Britain is a beautiful country with many places of interest, attractive countryside and a temperate, humid climate. It is modified by the warm Gulf Stream. Its winters are mild and summers are not very hot, it rains a lot and the grass is greener than in Central Europe. The average temperature ranges from 4°C in winter to 16°C in summer; extremes are quite rare.
POPULATION, LANGUAGE, RELIGION, ECONOMY AND SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT
Great Britain is highly urbanised and there live a lot of immigrants from the British colonies. There are over 57 million inhabitants. There live Scottish, Welsh, Irish, Ulster and many others.
Although everybody speaks English in the United Kingdom, it is not the same language. English has its own special accents and dialects. A southern English accent is generally accepted to be the most easily understood, and is usually taught to foreigners. It is known as Oxford English. One of the most difficult to understand is probably Cockney, the standard London dialect. Some people in Wales still speak Welsh; Gaelic is spoken in Scotland, mainly in the West Highlands and Islands and Irish Gaelic is the first official language in the Republic of Ireland.
The most known national churches are the Anglican Church of England and the Presbyt
Vloženo: 4.09.2010
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