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Stáhnout celý tento materiálAustralia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent (the world's smallest), the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea to the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia to the north-east, and New Zealand to the southeast.
On 1 January 1901 six colonies became a federation and the Commonwealth of Australia was formed. Since Federation, Australia has maintained a stable liberal democratic political system and remains a Commonwealth realm. The population is 22 million, with approximately 60% concentrated in and around the mainland state capitals of Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide. The capital city is Canberra, located in the Australian Capital Territory.
Australia is a member of the British Commonwealth of Nations. Its official name is the Commonwealth of Australia. It is a dominion with the Queen as the head of the country. The Queen is represented by the Governor-General at federal level and by the Governors at state level. Although the Constitution gives extensive executive powers to the Governor-General, these are normally exercised only on the advice of the Prime Minister.
There are three branches of government: Commonwealth Parliament, Federal Executive Council and High Court of Australia.
Parliement has the legislature.
Council has the executive.
High court has the judiciary.
Australia has six states —New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia—and two major mainland territories—the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory(7,617,930 square kilometres) and there are about 18 million people. The original people are called the Aborigines (čti aboridžins)
The Australians like playing rugby and Australian football. Cricket is popular too.
The Australian flag consists of (se sklada) a small Union Jack in the top left Conner on a blue background and the Southern Cross constelation (souhvězdí jižní kříž). There is a seven-pointed star, the Commonwealth star represents the six states and one point for the terrirories.
s-myn3dM:http://www.33ff.com/flags/XL_flags/Australia_flag.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET
Australians call Australia Oz, Aussie means Australian, roo means kangaroo.
Some typice Australian animals:
A kangaroo HYPERLINK "http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/animals/images/primary/gray-kangaroo.jpg" INCLUDEPICTURE "http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:8dS0ZSZwRc0nDM:http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/animals/images/primary/gray-kangaroo.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET , A koala, An emu: HYPERLINK "http://www.garden-city.org/zoo/animalinfo/images/emu.JPG" INCLUDEPICTURE "http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:WaaK397MT8NDdM:http://www.garden-city.org/zoo/animalinfo/images/emu.JPG" \* MERGEFORMATINET , A kiwi: HYPERLINK "http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/02/images/060217_kiwi.jpg" INCLUDEPICTURE "http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:KvkIfq_AAnKONM:http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/02/images/060217_kiwi.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET
A cockatoo: HYPERLINK "http://www.eazypet.co.uk/page/images/anne/cockie.jpg" INCLUDEPICTURE "http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:XdCjZPf23E_UDM:http://www.eazypet.co.uk/page/images/anne/cockie.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET , a dingo HYPERLINK "http://myanimalblog.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/dingo1.jpg" INCLUDEPICTURE "http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:vr3OqpHaqFhIlM:http://myanimalblog.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/dingo1.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET , a vombat HYPERLINK "http://www.studentsoftheworld.info/sites/animals/img/2624_wombat.jpg" INCLUDEPICTURE "http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:NiYsx6XMBiC4DM:http://www.studentsoftheworld.info/sites/animals/img/2624_wombat.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET
Platypus ; ptakopysk
Plants: eukalyptus (jukalipt_s), the national flower is wattle (akácie)
Main exports: wool, beef, lamb, sugar, beat etc.
Main imports: manufactured goods
Geography
Australia is a country, an island, and a continent. It is located in HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceania" \o "Oceania" Oceania between the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Ocean" \o "Indian Ocean" Indian Ocean and the South HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" \o "Pacific Ocean" Pacific Ocean. It is the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_and_outlying_territories_by_total_area" \o "List of countries and outlying territories by total area" sixth largest country in the world,
The population of HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" \o "Australia" Australia is concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts. The geography of the country is extremely diverse , ranging from the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow" \o "Snow" snow capped HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountains" \o "Mountains" mountains of the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Alps" \o "Australian
Alps" Australian Alps and HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wik
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